Friday, July 29, 2011

Timeline of Transgenics and Biotechnology

The following timeline is an incomplete listing of important events in the development of biotechnology and transgenics. It shows the systematic advancement toward a post-natural world into a completely synthetic existence where all things necessary for life (since life must feed on life) are patented and owned by companies who fool society into allowing this abomination through promises of medical advances and posthuman "superhuman" existence.

4000-2000 B.C. – Bread is first leavened.

1859 – Charles Darwin publishes the Theory of Evolution by natural selection.

1946 – Genetic recombination is first used to combine genetic material from different viruses to create a new virus.

1951 – Artificial insemination of livestock using frozen semen is accomplished for the first time.

1958 – DNA is manufactured in a test-tube for the first time.

1960 – First DNA – RNA molecules are created.

1965 – Mouse and human cells are successfully fused for the first time.

1971 – The first complete synthesis of a gene is accomplished.

1973 – A method for “cutting and pasting” DNA is perfected, and new DNA is reproduced in bacteria.

1978 – Recombinant human insuline is produced.

1979 – A human growth hormone is synthesized for the first time.

1980 – The U.S. Supreme Court rules that genetically modified organisms can be patented.

1981 – The first transgenic animals are created by introducing the genes of other animals into mice.

1983 – The first artificial chromosome is synthesized.

1984 – The first “geep” is created: a goat/sheep.

1985 – Transgenic plants that are resistant to insects, bacteria and viruses are field-tested for the first time.

1986 – The first recombinant vaccine is used on humans: Hepatitis B.

1986 – The first field-tests for transgenic tobacco plants.

1987 – Genetically-modified virus resistant tomatoes are approved for field-testing.

1988 – First U.S. patent for a transgenic mouse is issued.

1990 – The first product of recombinant DNA technology is introduced into the U.S. food supply: Chy-Max ™

1990 – The first transgenic dairy cow produces milk for infant formula.

1992 – The FDA announces that transgenic foods are not dangerous and require no special regulations.

1997 – The sheep “Dolly” is cloned.

1999 – University of Guelph scientists develop the Enviropig.

2000 – Researchers working for the Canadian company Nexia announce the use of "spider-goats" to produce spider silk in goat's milk.

2002 – Scientists at Stony Brook University create a synthetic polio virus.

2002 – A complete map of the Human Genome is published.

2003 – A team led by Esmail Zanjani at the University of Nevada, Reno, successfully creates human-animal chimeras where he is able to grow "humanized" organs in sheep.

2003 – Biotechnically manufactured GloFish® go on-sale in the United States.

2003 – Japanese researchers create a genetically modified coffee bean that is decaffeinated.

2005 – Researchers at the University of Georgia successfully clone a cow from the cells of a dead cow, and a form of human-induced resurrection is accomplished.

2005 – FDA approves race-specific drugs.

2005 – Scientists at the Center for Disease Control & Prevention partially synthesize the 1918 Spanish Flu virus.

2005 – One billion acres of the planet are growing Biotech crops.

2006 – Human cells are successfully introduced into mouse brains.

2007 – A team of scientists led by Kong Il-keun at Gyeongsang National University, South Korea, create three glow-in-the-dark cats.

2008 – The Institute of Reproductive and Developmental Biology at London's Hammersmith Hospital, announces plans to introduce human genes into pigs.

2008-2011 – Three labs in the UK: King’s College London, Newcastle University and Warwick University, create over 150 human-cow hybrid embryos.

2009 – Scientists in Japan announce the creation of transgenic primates.

2010 – A team of researchers at the University of Osaka announce that they are breeding genetically modified mice that tweet like birds.

2010 – The first “synthetic life form” is created: Synthia.

2010 – It is announced that genetically-modified transgenic Canola escaped and established itself in the wild, in North Dakota. 80% of wild Canola was found to be transgenic.

2011 – A study appears in the American Chemical Society's Journal of Agriculture and Food Chemistry reporting the development of a human-recombinant gelatin to be used in the manufacturing of pills that will be ingested by humans.

2011 – Scientists in China announce the successful introduction of human genes into 200 dairy cows to mass produce "human breastmilk". The research was led by Ning Li, researcher and director of the State Key Laboratories for agro-biotechnology at the China Agricultural University.

2011 – A June 9 issue of Journal of Nature reports that Scientists at Rockefeller University and The Scripps Research Institute have developed the first genetically humanized mouse model for hepatitis C by injecting human genes into mice.

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